ABSTRACT Wild birds have great prominence in the transmission of diseases to humans, mainly due to their ease of access to human populations, raising concerns about the potential impact of that proximity on public health. The present study reports ARV and PBV occurrence in wild birds from an environmental protection area in the Amazon biome, in Pará state, Brazil. We obtained 155 fecal specimens from 47 species of wild birds for RNA extraction, ARV and PBV detection utilizing molecular methods, nucleotide sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. ARV prevalence was 0.6% (1/155), being positive in an individual of Myrmotherula longipennis, and PBV prevalence was 1.29% (2/155), affecting two individuals of Guira guira. The PBV strains were assigned to genogroup I based on phylogenetic analysis, and they shared a strong phylogenetic link with strains isolated from different geographic locations. The ARV strain was more closely related to strains that had previously circulated in the same region. The presence of ARV and PBV in this habitat suggests that infection cycles of these agents occur naturally in the wild ecosystem, potentially triggering transmission events between bird species and humans. This is the first study on ARV detection in wild birds in Brazil and the first report on the occurrence of PBV in wild Guira guira. Additional studies are required to determine the epidemiology, origin, evolution, and emergence of new potentially pathogenic viruses in the Amazon.

RESUMO As aves silvestres têm grande destaque na transmissão de doenças ao homem, principalmente pela facilidade de acesso à população humana, levantando preocupações sobre o potencial impacto dessa proximidade no contexto da saúde pública. O presente estudo relata a ocorrência de ARV e PBV em aves silvestres de uma área de proteção ambiental no bioma Amazônico. Obtivemos 155 espécimes fecais de 47 espécies de aves silvestres, que foram submetidos a extração de RNA, detecção de ARV e PBV por técnicas moleculares, sequenciamento nucleotídico e análise filogenética. A prevalência de infecção por ARV foi 0,6% (1/155), sendo positivo em um indivíduo de Myrmotherula longipennis, e a prevalência de PBV foi 1,29% (2/155), afetando dois insdivíduos de Guira guira. A análise filogenética agrupou as cepas de PBV no genogrupo I, mostrando intensa relação filogenética com cepas isoladas de outras regiões geográficas. A cepa de ARV esteve mais relacionada filogeneticamente a cepas previamente circulantes na mesma região. Este é o primeiro estudo sobre detecção de ARV em aves silvestres no Brasil e o primeiro relato sobre a ocorrência de PBV em Guira guira. A circulação de ARV e PBV nesse ambiente demonstra que os ciclos desses agentes estão ocorrendo de forma natural no ecossistema silvestre, o que pode desencadear possíveis eventos de transmissão entre as espécies aviárias e humanos. Estudos adicionais são necessários para determinar a epidemiologia, origem, evolução e surgimento de novos vírus potencialmente patogênicos na Amazônia.

Abstract Studies investigating the effects of different modalities of exercises on the immune system are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of resistance and aerobic training on the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes from mice. Eighteen male C56BL6/J mice were divided into groups (n=6), sedentary, aerobic, and resistance training. After 8 weeks, animals were euthanized, and their splenocytes were labeled and cultured with and without stimulation. Lymphocyte proliferation (CD4+, CD8+ and CD21/CD35+) was evaluated by flow cytometry. The mice subjected to resistance exercise exhibited greater proliferation for total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes (p<0.05), but not CD4+ cells (p>0.05), compared with their sedentary counterparts. We found significant correlations between maximum load and total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes proliferation rates (p<0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that resistance training promoted an improvement in the immune response associated with CD8+ and B lymphocytes.

Objective: to investigate the prevalence of skin lesions and factors associated with the use of N95 respirators among health professionals in Brazil. Method: cross-sectional study conducted with 11,368 health professionals using a respondent-driven sampling method adapted for online environments. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the association between the “skin lesions with the use of N95 respirators” variable and gender, professional category, workplace, training, COVID-19 diagnosis, and availability of sufficient and high-quality Personal Protective Equipment. Results: the prevalence of skin lesions was 61.8%. Women were 1.203 times (95% CI: 1.154-1.255) more likely to develop a lesion than men. The chances of skin lesions in psychologists (PR=0.805; 95% CI: 0.678-0.956) and dentists (PR=0.884; 95% CI: 0.788-0.992), were lower when compared to Nursing professionals. Professionals with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis and working in the Intensive Care Unit have an increased chance of presenting skin lesions (PR=1.074; 95% CI: 1.042-1.107); (PR=1.203; 95% CI: 1.168-1.241), respectively. Conclusion: the prevalence of skin lesions caused by the use of N95 respirators was 61.8% and was associated with female gender, professional category, workplace, training, COVID-19 diagnosis, and availability of sufficient and highquality Personal Protective Equipment.

Objetivo: investigar la prevalencia de lesiones cutáneas y factores asociados con el uso de respiradores N95 en profesionales de la salud de Brasil. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 11.368 profesionales de la salud en el que se empleó un método de muestreo dirigido por encuestados adaptado para entornos en línea. Se ejecutaron análisis univariados y multivariados para investigar la asociación entre la variable “lesiones cutáneas por utilizar respiradores N95” y sexo, categoría profesional, lugar de trabajo, capacitación, diagnóstico de COVID-19 y disponibilidad de suficiente provisión de Equipo de Protección Personal de buena calidad. Resultados: la prevalencia de lesiones cutáneas fue del 61,8%. Las mujeres fueron 1,203 veces (IC 95%: 1,154-1,255) más propensas a desarrollar lesiones que los hombres. La probabilidad de lesiones cutáneas en psicólogos (RP=0,805; IC 95%: 0,678-0,956) y dentistas (RP=0,884; IC 95%: 0,788-0,992) fue menor en comparación con la encontrada en los profesionales de Enfermería. Los profesionales con diagnóstico positivo de COVID-19 y que trabajan en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos son más propensos a sufrir lesiones cutáneas (RP=1,074; IC 95%: 1,042-1,107); (RP=1,203; IC 95%: 1,168-1,241), respectivamente, Conclusión: la prevalencia de lesiones cutáneas causadas por utilizar respiradores N95 fue del 61,8% y estuvo asociada al sexo femenino, a la categoría profesional, al lugar de trabajo, a la capacitación, a diagnóstico de COVID-19 y a la disponibilidad de suficiente provisión de Equipo de Protección Personal de buena calidad.

Objetivo: investigar a prevalência de lesões de pele e fatores associados ao uso de respiradores N95 entre profissionais de saúde no Brasil. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 11.368 profissionais de saúde por meio de um método de amostragem dirigido por respondentes adaptado para ambientes online. Análises univariadas e multivariadas foram realizadas para investigar a associação entre a variável “lesão de pele com uso de respirador N95” e sexo, categoria profissional, local de trabalho, treinamento, diagnóstico de COVID-19 e disponibilidade suficiente de equipamentos de proteção individual de qualidade. Resultados: a prevalência de lesões cutâneas foi de 61,8%. As mulheres foram 1,203 vezes (IC 95%: 1.154-1.255) mais propensas a desenvolver uma lesão do que os homens. As chances de lesão de pele em psicólogos (RP=0,805; IC 95%: 0,678-0,956) e dentistas (RP=0,884; IC 95%: 0,788-0,992) foram menores quando comparados aos profissionais de Enfermagem. Profissionais com diagnóstico positivo para COVID-19 e que trabalham em Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos têm maior chance de apresentar lesões de pele (RP=1,074; IC 95%: 1,042-1,107); (RP=1,203; IC 95%: 1,168- 1,241), respectivamente. Conclusão: a prevalência de lesões de pele causadas pelo uso do respirador N95 foi de 61,8% e esteve associada ao sexo feminino, categoria profissional, local de trabalho, treinamento, diagnóstico de COVID-19 e disponibilidade suficiente de equipamentos de proteção individual de qualidade.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the current situation of sexual aggression and assess the adhesion to ambulatory care follow-up. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study involving female children and adolescents aged 0–19 years, treated at the Center for Multiprofessional Care of Sexual Violence of the General Hospital of Nova Iguaçu, from 2014 to 2018. RESULTS: Of the 453 children and adolescents, 264 (58.3%) were <14 years of age and 189 (41.7%) were 14–19 years of age. In both groups, 78% were black. School delay of >2 years was found in 15.6% of children in the age group <14 years and 40.5% of adolescents in the age group 14–19 years [p<0.001; OR=3.7 (2.1–65)]. In girls aged £13 years, abuse usually occurred at home (73.2%), which was perpetrated by one aggressor (91%) and known to the victim (91.2%). In adolescents aged ≥14 years, 84.1% of rapes occurred outside the home, practiced by one aggressor (74.8%), 57.8% were unknown, and in 91.2% of cases, there was use of physical force and/or verbal threats. The victims aged <14 years have 14 times more chance of experiencing aggression within the family setting [p<0.001; OR=14.3 (8.2–25.6)] and 16 times more chance of experiencing aggression from known persons [p<0.001; OR=16.2 (9.2–29.8)]. On the contrary, adolescents aged ≥14 years have three times more chance of being abused by more than one aggressor [p<0.001; OR=3.3 (1.8–6.1)]. CONCLUSION: Black girls, especially those aged <14 years, are in a situation of greater vulnerability for sexual violence, have less adhesion to follow-up, and often experience aggression in the household setting.

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and validate the content of the Nurses’ Work Methods Assessment Scale. Methods: Methodological study conducted between January and February 2022, based on the Quality Standards for Nursing Care and Imogene King’s framework. A literature review was previously undertaken to design the scale. The content validation was carried out by 23 experts. Results: The initial version consisted of 40 items organized in four work methods identified in the literature. In the first dimension, from ten items, seven were considered, and one was reformulated. Seven of the initial ten items were considered in the second version. The third dimension consisted of seven items. In the fourth dimension, three items were reformulated, and three were excluded, leaving seven items. The final version ended with 28 items, whose Content Validity Index ranged between 0.83 and 1. Conclusions: The involvement of experts has become pivotal in the development and validation of the items, providing confidence to the continuity of psychometric procedures.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Construir y validar contenido de Escala de Evaluación de Métodos de Trabajo de Enfermeros. Métodos: Estudio metodológico realizado entre enero y febrero de 2022, basado en Estándares de Calidad de Atención de Enfermeríay referencial de Imogene King. Para construcción de Escala, realizado previamente revisión de literatura. La validez de contenido contó con 23 peritos. Resultados: La versión inicial contenía 40 items, organizados en cuatro métodos de trabajo identificados en la literatura. La primera dimensión, de diez items, fueron considerados siete y uno fue reformulado. La segunda, de diez iniciales, fueron considerados siete. La tercera dimensión constituída por siete ítems. La cuarta dimensión, reformulados tres y excluidos tres, quedando siete. La versión final quedó con 28 items, cuyo Índice de Validez de Contenido osciló entre 0,83 y 1. Conclusiones: Recorrer a peritos volvió fundamental en la construcción y validez de los items, confiriendo seguridad a continuidad de procedimientos psicométricos.

RESUMO Objetivo: Construir e validar o conteúdo da Escala de Avaliação dos Métodos de Trabalho dos Enfermeiros. Métodos: Estudo metodológico realizado entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2022, baseado nos Padrões de Qualidade dos Cuidados de Enfermagem e no referencial de Imogene King. Para construção da Escala, realizou-se previamente revisão de literatura. A validação de conteúdo contou com 23 peritos. Resultados: A versão inicial continha 40 itens, organizados nos quatro métodos de trabalho identificados na literatura. Na primeira dimensão, dos dez itens, foram considerados sete e um foi reformulado. Na segunda, dos dez iniciais, foram considerados sete. A terceira dimensão constituiu-se por sete itens. Na quarta dimensão, reformularam-se três e excluíram-se três, ficando sete. A versão final ficou com 28 itens, cujo Índice de Validade de Conteúdo oscilou entre 0,83 e 1. Conclusões: Recorrer aos peritos tornou-se fundamental na construção e validação dos itens, conferindo segurança à continuidade dos procedimentos psicométricos.

ABSTRACT In the Brazilian planted forest sector, most of the species used are from the genus Eucalyptus. Even though Southern Brazil has a suitable climate for species of the genus Pinus, the planting of frost-resistant Eucalyptus species has been increasing annually. The objective of this study was to evaluate the basic density, fiber dimensions, and chemical composition of Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus dunnii, Eucalyptus saligna, and Eucalyptus cloeziana woods. The trees used were from a six-year-old experimental plantation located in Canoinhas, state of Santa Catarina. For each species, three trees were selected, and discs were removed from each tree at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the commercial stem height. To evaluate the quality of the wood, the basic wood density, fiber dimensions, and chemical composition of the wood were determined by comparing the values between species and between the heights in the stem. The highest basic density was that of the wood of E. cloeziana; this species also had the greatest length and width of fibers. E. dunnii had the lowest levels of lignin and the highest levels of holocellulose. The highest lignin content was found in the wood of E. benthamii, E. saligna, and E. cloeziana. The relationship between wood properties and stem height was not relevant. The results highlight the tendency for higher extractives to be found at taller heights (100%), and holocellulose and lignin content are similar at all heights.

RESUMO No setor de florestas plantadas brasileiro, a maioria das espécies utilizadas são do gênero Eucalyptus. Embora o Sul do Brasil tenha clima propicio para espécies do gênero Pinus, o plantio de espécies de Eucalyptus resistentes à geada vem aumentando anualmente. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a densidade básica, as dimensões das fibras e a composição química da madeira de Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus dunnii, Eucalyptus saligna e Eucalyptus cloeziana. As árvores utilizadas foram provenientes de um plantio experimental de seis anos localizado em Canoinhas, estado de Santa Catarina. Para cada espécie, três árvores foram selecionadas e os discos foram removidos de cada árvore a 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% da altura do caule comercial. Para avaliar a qualidade da madeira, a densidade básica, as dimensões das fibras e a composição química foram determinadas comparando-se os valores entre as espécies e entre as alturas no fuste. A maior densidade básica foi a da madeira de E. cloeziana; esta espécie também apresentou o maior comprimento e largura das fibras. E. dunnii apresentou os menores teores de lignina e os maiores teores de holocelulose. O maior teor de lignina foi encontrado na madeira de E. benthamii, E. saligna e E. cloeziana. A relação entre as propriedades da madeira e a altura do fuste não foi relevante. Os resultados destacam a tendência de maiores extrativos serem encontrados nas partes mais altas (100%), e os teores de holocelulose e lignina são similares em todas as alturas.

This paper aims to explore the production of porous Nb2O5 pellets by pressing and adding anaerobic biomass (sludge) in order to evaluate the microstructure porosity. The thermal treatment temperature of the pellets varied between 300 ºC and 900 ºC. Their structural, morphological, and physical properties were measured, and the adsorption potential of Mn2+ and their reuse were evaluated. All samples had a monoclinic phase. Density average values of samples pressed using sludge ranged between 2.45 and 2.52 g.cm-3, while the one obtained without sludge pressing achieved higher values of around 2.72 g.cm-3. All samples presented high porosity values after the heat treatment (above 40%), which confirms the efficiency of sludge as a means to enhance porosity. These pellets were used for Mn2+ ions adsorption in aqueous medium. The Langmuir isotherm model was the one that achieved the best goodness-of-fit. In kinetic studies, the adsorption reaction was in accordance with second-order kinetics. Adsorbents in the form of pellets are environmentally friendly on account of their significant reuse and recycling potential. However, the particulate matter might become an environmental liability and incur high treatment costs. The samples proved to be reusable, promoting the adsorption of 67% of the Mn2+ after the fifth reuse cycle.

Abstract The sexual division of labor causes inequality between genders, as well as situations of violence directed to women in the workplace. In the pharmaceutical area, the majority of women and insertion in multiple scenarios, involving contact with public and differentiated professional partnerships, enhance exposure to violence. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze situations of violence experienced by pharmacists in the workplace. For this, a qualitative method was used, with content analysis, performed in the NVivo® software, of an online survey, answered by pharmacists (n=381) registered in the Regional Pharmacy Council of Minas Gerais, Brazil. As a result, four categories were identified: ‘Living with disrespect, threats and vulnerability,’ ‘Sexism and structural chauvinism that shuts down, diminishes and torments,’ ‘Discrimination against women as an obstacle to equity’ and ‘Sexual harassment and objectification of women.’ Several expressions of violence in the labor environment emerged from multiple aggressors. Pharmacists recognized professional impairment and little recognition for technical capacity. We concluded that the reports exposed the lack of protection of pharmaceutical integrity in the workplace. It is expected that these results bring to light the gender inequality in pharmaceutical work, with emphasis on situations of violence, expanding the discussion and providing evolution of this mostly female profession.

Resumen La división sexual del trabajo ocasiona iniquidad entre los géneros, así como situaciones de violencia dirigidas a las mujeres en el entorno laboral. En el ámbito farmacéutico, la mayoría de las mujeres y la inserción en múltiples escenarios, que implican contacto con el público y asociaciones profesionales diferenciadas, potencian la exposición a la violencia. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las situaciones de violencia experimentadas por las farmacéuticas en el entorno laboral. Para esto, se utilizó un método cualitativo, con análisis de contenido, realizado en el software NVivo®, de una encuesta en línea, respondida por farmacéuticas (n=381) registradas en el Consejo Regional de Farmacia de Minas Gerais, Brasil. A consecuencia, se identificaron cuatro categorías: ‘Conviviendo con falta de respeto, amenazas y vulnerabilidad’, ‘el sexismo y el machismo estructural que cala, disminuye y atormentó’, ‘la discriminación contra la mujer como obstáculo a la equidad’ y ‘el acoso sexual y la objeción de la mujer’. Han surgido varias expresiones de violencia en el entorno laboral procedentes de múltiples agresores. Los productos farmacéuticos han reconocido el daño profesional y el escaso reconocimiento de la capacidad técnica. Se concluye que los informes haciendo hincapié de manifiesto la falta de protección de la integridad farmacéutica en el entorno laboral. Se espera que estos resultados traigan a la luz la desigualdad de género en el trabajo farmacéutico, haciendo hincapié en las situaciones de violencia, ampliando el debate y dando lugar a la evolución de esa profesión principalmente femenina.

Resumo A divisão sexual do trabalho ocasiona iniquidade entre gêneros, bem como situações de violência direcionadas às mulheres no ambiente laboral. Na área farmacêutica, a maioria feminina e a inserção em múltiplos cenários, que envolvem contato com público e parcerias profissionais diferenciadas, potencializam a exposição à violência. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar situações de violência vivenciadas por farmacêuticas no ambiente laboral. Para tal, utilizou-se método qualitativo, com análise de conteúdo, realizada no software NVivo®, de uma survey on line, respondida por farmacêuticas (n=381) registradas no Conselho Regional de Farmácia de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Como resultado, identificou-se quatro categorias: ‘Convivendo com o desrespeito, ameaças e vulnerabilidade’, ‘O sexismo e o machismo estrutural que cala, diminui e atordoa’, ‘A discriminação contra a mulher como obstáculo à equidade’ e ‘Assédio sexual e objetificação da mulher’. Emergiram diversas expressões de violências no ambiente laboral provenientes de múltiplos agressores. Farmacêuticas reconheceram prejuízo profissional e pouco reconhecimento pela capacidade técnica. Conclui-se que os relatos expuseram a falta de proteção da integridade farmacêutica no ambiente de trabalho. Espera-se que esses resultados tragam à luz a desigualdade de gênero no trabalho farmacêutico, com destaque para situações de violência, ampliando a discussão e proporcionando evolução dessa profissão majoritariamente feminina.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Given the incipience of domestic studies on hope and spirituality in cardiology, this study evaluated adult cardiac patients’ hope in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery and its potential association with spirituality. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out at a university hospital in the State of São Paulo (Brazil). A total of 70 patients answered the Herth Hope Scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire before undergoing surgical procedure between January and October 2018. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and the Mann-Whitney U test. The R-3.4.1 software and SAS System for Windows 9.2 were also used. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Patients had a high prevalence of modifiable risk factors. Having a religion (37.53±4.57) and practicing it (38.79±4.25), regardless of its denomination and time dedicated to that religion, was associated with hope (P<0.01) in the immediate preoperative period of cardiac surgery. However, hope did not exhibit a significant correlation with factors such as age (P=0.09) and time dedicated to religious practice (P=0.07). Conclusion: Regardless of the religious strand and time dedicated to religious practices as an expression of spirituality, hope was associated with the participants’ religion and religiosity. Considering the importance of this construct on the processes of health and disease, the whole health team should consider in their praxis a setting of conditions to make the patient’s spirituality process feasible during hospitalization.

ABSTRACT In Brazil, the Steppe Savanna and associated vegetation types, typical of the Chaco, are in the Pantanal biome. Land use in this region has caused the suppression of natural vegetation and the emission of greenhouse gases. The knowledge of the phytophysiognomies of the Chaco and its importance for the mitigation and adaptation to climate change can contribute to conservation and protection policies in this region, including specific public policies to support the sustainable use of biodiversity and carbon stock (C). In this work, we present an estimate of the balance between CO2 emissions and removals associated with land use and land cover changes for the Brazilian Chaco, considering the annual average of C loss or gain in living biomass and dead organic matter in three different periods: 1990 to 2000, 2000 to 2010 and 2010 to 2019. The methodology followed the one recommended by the Fourth National Communication of Brazil to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, with adaptations. The results show that the natural vegetation of the Brazilian Chaco has been replaced by pasture throughout the studied period (1990-2019). The Savanna Formations had the greatest reduction in area in this period. The balance points to a net emission of 0.12, 0.05, and 0.03 MgCO2 ha-1 year-1, respectively, in 1990-2000, 2000-2010, and 2010-2019. CO2 removals predominate especially in the Kadiweu Indigenous Land, and emissions prevail in the Chaco South region.

RESUMO No Brasil, a Savana Estépica e formações associadas, típicas do Chaco, encontram-se inseridas no bioma Pantanal. O uso da terra nessa região tem provocado a supressão da vegetação natural e a emissão de gases de efeito estufa. O conhecimento das fitosionomias do Chaco e de sua importância para a mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas pode contribuir para políticas de conservação e proteção dessa região, incluindo políticas públicas específicas que apoiem o uso sustentável da biodiversidade e do estoque de carbono (C). No presente trabalho é apresentada a estimativa do balanço de CO2 devido a mudanças no uso da terra para o Chaco brasileiro, considerando a média anual das emissões e remoções relativas às mudanças dos estoques de C na biomassa viva e matéria orgânica morta, em três diferentes períodos: 1990 a 2000; 2000 a 2010 e 2010 a 2019. A metodologia seguiu a preconizada pelo Quarta Comunicação Nacional do Brasil à Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima, com adaptações. Os resultados mostram que a vegetação natural do Chaco brasileiro vem sendo substituída por pastagem ao longo do período estudado (1990-2019). A Formação Savânica teve a maior redução em área nesse período. O balanço aponta para emissões líquidas de 0,12, 0,05 e 0,03 MgCO2 ha-1 ano-1, respectivamente, nos períodos 1990-2000, 2000-2010 e 2010-2019. As remoções de CO2 predominam especialmente na Terra Indígena Kadiwéu, e as emissões, no sul da região.

Abstract Objective: to describe the COVID-19 clinical outcomes profile from mining workers and the cases dynamic within the mining units and their respective municipalities. Methods: a cohort and ecological study using workers clinical-epidemiological, sociodemographic, and occupational secondary data of a multinational mining company, and of COVID-19 cases from five municipalities where the mining units were located, in Brazil, between March 2020 to April 2021. We calculated the cases cumulative incidence and the 7-day moving average (MA), and compared at the mining unit and respective municipality. Results: the study included 17,523 workers, 88.4% male, and 22.6% had at least one positive result for COVID-19. The workers most tested, with positive results, placed in quarantine, and with symptoms were female, middle-aged, living and working in Rio de Janeiro state, directly hired by the mining company, in shift-work, and in high-risk occupations. All mining units presented a cumulative incidence higher than their respective municipalities. Three municipalities showed peaks of COVID-19 with MA cases coinciding with an increase in cases among mining workers. Conclusion: approximately one-fifth of workers were diagnosed with COVID-19. The mining units had a similar temporal distribution of COVID-19 cases to the municipalities where they were located.

Resumo Objetivo: descrever o perfil de desfechos de COVID-19 em trabalhadores da mineração e a dinâmica dos casos nas unidades de mineração e seus respectivos municípios. Métodos: estudo de coorte e ecológico, com dados secundários clínico-epidemiológicos, sociodemográficos e ocupacionais de trabalhadores de mineradora multinacional no Brasil e de casos de COVID-19 nos cinco municípios onde as unidades estavam localizadas, de março de 2020 a abril de 2021. A incidência acumulada e média móvel (MM) de 7 dias dos casos foram calculadas e comparadas na unidade e respectivo município. Resultados: foram incluídos 17.523 trabalhadores; 88,4% eram do sexo masculino; e 22,6% tiveram pelo menos um resultado positivo. Os trabalhadores mais testados, com casos positivos, colocados em quarentena e com sintomas foram do sexo feminino, de meia-idade, morando e trabalhando no Rio de Janeiro, diretamente contratados pela mineradora, em turnos e ocupações de alto risco. Todas as unidades apresentaram uma incidência acumulada superior aos seus respectivos municípios. Três municípios apresentaram picos de COVID-19 com MM coincidindo com o aumento de casos entre trabalhadores de mineração. Conclusão: aproximadamente um quinto dos trabalhadores foram diagnosticados com COVID-19, e a distribuição temporal dos casos nas unidades de mineração foi semelhante àquela dos municípios onde estavam localizadas.

Abstract To control urban pests, especially cockroaches of the Periplaneta americana species, various pesticides have been developed that are increasingly potent and effective. However, the unrestrained application of pesticides has had negative consequences, such as the disappearance of some useful insect species and, consequently, the appearance of new pests, both in the countryside and cities. Due to the current scenario, it was necessary to search for new alternatives for the control of these insects. Among the species studied, Copaíba stood out. The oils were analyzed using GC-MS, b-caryophyllene and a-bergamotene being the predominant compounds. Repellency tests were performed with three different concentrations of C. officinalis and C. reticulata, 500 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL and 125 μg/mL, in triplicate. It can be observed that the oil of C. officinalis was more repellent to the nymphs at concentrations of 500 μg/mL and 250 μg/mL, however, when the behavior in nymphs exposed to the concentration of 125 μg/mL was compared, it was noted that C. reticulata oil was more repellent at this concentration. Copaifera has shown promising activity as a repellent against arthropods owing to the complex chemical composition of its oils.

Abstract Objectives: to investigate the sociodemographic and occupational risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection in mining workers. Methods: a retrospective cohort study, using secondary workers’ health data from a multinational mining company, from March 2020 to April 2021. A COVID-19 case was defined based on a SARS-CoV-2 positive result in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Risk ratios (RRs) for positive testing were estimated using Poisson’s regression model. Results: of 10,484 workers, 2,578 (24.6%) had at least one positive result for COVID-19. Each worker underwent an average of 4.0 (standard deviation: 3.6) tests, totaling 41,962 PCR tests. Most of the evaluated workers were male (88.3%), aged from 30 to 39 years (38.7%), outsourced (74.1%) and non-shift workers (70.5%). Our multivariate model showed that outsourced (RR: 1.39; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.27;1.51) and shift workers (RR: 1.10; 95%CI: 1.01;1.20) had a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection than their counterparts. Conclusions: outsourced and shift workers have a higher risk of COVID-19 infection than their counterparts. Therefore, it is necessary to provide continuous monitoring with regular and adequate testing for mitigation and prevention of COVID-19 in these occupational groups.

Resumo Objetivos: investigar os fatores de risco sociodemográficos e ocupacionais associados à infeção por COVID-19 em trabalhadores da mineração. Métodos: estudo de coorte retrospectivo com dados secundários dos trabalhadores de uma empresa multinacional de mineração, de março de 2020 a abril de 2021. Casos de COVID-19 foram definidos por meio do resultado do teste reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) positivo para SARS-CoV-2. Riscos relativos (RR) para testes positivos foram obtidos por regressão de Poisson. Resultados: dos 10.484 trabalhadores testados, 2.578 (24,6%) tiveram pelo menos um resultado positivo. Foi realizada uma média de 4,0 (desvio-padrão: 3,6) testes para cada trabalhador, totalizando 41.962 testes. A maioria dos trabalhadores eram do sexo masculino (88,3%), com idade entre 30 e 39 anos (38,7%), terceirizados (74,1%) e que não trabalhavam em turnos (70,5%). No modelo múltiplo, os trabalhadores terceirizados (RR: 1,39; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%]: 1,27;1,51) e trabalhadores por turnos (RR: 1,10; IC95%: 1,01;1,20) apresentavam maior risco de infecção quando comparados com seus homólogos. Conclusões: os trabalhadores terceirizados e por turnos exibiram maior risco de infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 quando comparados com seus homólogos. Portanto, é necessário fornecer monitoramento contínuo com oferta regular e adequada de testes para mitigação e prevenção da COVID-19 nestes grupos ocupacionais.

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the prevalence and analyze the variables associated with the use of pacifiers and/or bottles by infants up to 6 months of age. Material and Methods: Data on sociodemographic characteristics, intention to offer pacifier and bottle-feeding, pregnancy and breastfeeding (BF) variables were collected at baseline by interviews and a self-administered questionnaire among pregnant women in the 3rd trimester. After delivery, mother-baby binomials were followed by phone calls at the 1st, 3rd, and 6th months of the baby's life (n=467) to gather information on the type of delivery, baby’s gender, BF in the first hour of the newborn’s life, baby’s weight, mother’s return to work, and oral habits. Association analyses were performed using logistic regression models with a 5% significance level with the pacifier/bottle-feeding use as the outcome. Results: Most mothers (52.5%) reported their babies used bottle-feeding, 48.2% used pacifiers and 33.4% used both of them throughout the 6 months. Intention to offer pacifier and bottle-feeding was reported by 45.0% and 54.8% of the mothers at the 3rd trimester of the pregnancy, respectively. Not living in one’s own residence (OR=1.53; 95%CI: 1.05-2.24) and having the prenatal intention of offering a pacifier (OR=2.50; 95%CI: 1.63-3.83) to the baby were significantly associated with pacifier use. Variables significantly associated with bottle-feeding were mother’s return to work (OR=2.48; 95%CI: 1.54-3.97), baby’s lower birth weight (OR=1.58; IC95%: 1.07-2.33), and prenatal intention to offer bottle-feeding (OR=2.51; 95%CI 1.56-4.04). Conclusion: About half of the babies used pacifiers or were bottle-fed, which were associated with the mother’s prenatal intention to offer them to their babies and socioeconomic factors.

Resumo Enquadramento: Diante de múltiplas solicitações e recursos insuficientes, os profissionais de enfermagem podem não executar alguns cuidados requeridos. Objetivos: Identificar os cuidados de enfermagem omissos, as razões atribuídas pelos profissionais de enfermagem e verificar se as razões diferem entre as categorias profissionais. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, transversal, utilizando o instrumento MISSCARE-Brasil numa amostra por conveniência de 115 participantes, distribuídos entre 48 enfermeiros e 67 técnicos em enfermagem. Resultados: Os participantes apresentaram média de idade de 34,9 anos, predominando o sexo feminino, 88,6%. Os cuidados de enfermagem mais omitidos foram a deambulação três vezes por dia ou conforme prescrito, 58,3%; a participação em discussão da equipa interdisciplinar sobre a assistência ao paciente, 55,6%; e a oferta das refeições para os pacientes que se alimentam sozinhos, 53,1%. As principais razões para omissão foram relacionadas os domínios “Recursos Materiais” e “Laborais”. Conclusão: Os recursos materiais e laborais influenciam na frequência de cuidados de enfermagem omissos, apesar das justificações diferenciadas para omissão do cuidado entre enfermeiros e técnicos em enfermagem.

Abstract Background: Faced with multiple requests and insufficient resources, the nursing professionals may not perform some required care. Objectives: Identify the missing nursing care, the reasons attributed by nursing professionals and check whether the reasons differ between professional categories. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study using the MISSCARE-Brazil instrument in a convenience sample of 115 participants, distributed between 48 nurses and 67 nursing technicians. Results: Participants had a mean age of 34.9 years, predominantly female, 88.6%. The most omitted nursing care were walking three times a day or as prescribed, 58.3%; the participation in the discussion of the interdisciplinary team about patient care, 55.6% and the offer of meals to patients who eat alone, 53.1%. The main reasons for the omission were related to the “Material Resources” and “Laboratory” domains. Conclusion: material and labor resources influence the frequency of missing nursing care, despite different justifications for omission of care among nurses and nursing technicians.

Resumen Marco contextual: Ante la multitud de solicitudes y la insuficiencia de recursos, los profesionales de enfermería pueden no realizar algunos de los cuidados necesarios. Objetivos: Identificar los cuidados de enfermería omitidos, las razones atribuidas por los profesionales de enfermería y verificar si las razones difieren entre las categorías profesionales. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, utilizando el instrumento MISSCARE-Brasil en una muestra de conveniencia de 115 participantes, distribuidos entre 48 enfermeros y 67 técnicos de enfermería. Resultados: Los participantes tenían una edad media de 34,9 años, con predominio del sexo femenino, el 88,6%. Los cuidados de enfermería más omitidos fueron los paseos tres veces al día o según lo prescrito, el 58,3%; la participación en las discusiones con el equipo interdisciplinario sobre los cuidados del paciente, el 55,6%; y la provisión de comidas para los pacientes que se alimentan solos, el 53,1%. Los principales motivos para omitirlos estaban relacionados con los ámbitos “Recursos materiales” y “Mano de obra”. Conclusión: Los recursos materiales y laborales influyen en la frecuencia de los cuidados de enfermería omitidos, a pesar de las diferentes justificaciones para omitirlos entre los enfermeros y los técnicos de enfermería.